Homeownership in Canada isn’t one-size-fits-all. What you actually own depends on the type of ownership—whether it’s the land and building, just the structure, or only the interior of your unit. Understanding the difference between freehold, condo, and townhouse ownership can make all the difference when choosing a home that fits your lifestyle and budget. Let’s break down the 3 types of homeownership and what each one entails.

Freehold Ownership (Detached Home)

With freehold ownership, you have complete ownership of both the structure and the land on which it sits. You don’t share any walls or yard space, which means that you oversee everything on your property, both inside and out. This includes all maintenance and upkeep, such as landscaping, lawn care, and snow removal, and any renovations or repairs. You’re also responsible for ensuring you follow all applicable laws and paying property taxes.

Freehold ownership offers the most freedom and control, but it typically comes with higher upfront costs and additional responsibilities.

Pros

Privacy and Quiet Environment
Detached houses usually come with yards and spaces between neighbouring houses, which helps reduce noise. This makes them ideal for families with pets or children.

Freedom to Customize and Renovate
You can expand, renovate, and landscape without needing approval as long as you’re following municipal laws. Ideal if you want to tailor your home to your style.

Private Driveway
Most detached homes come with a private driveway, meaning you don’t have to park on the street, get a parking permit, or pay extra for a parking spot. This is especially convenient if your family has more than one car.

Flexibility
You can rent out your property or add extra structures to your land without seeking prior approval, as long as municipal rules are followed. This provides long-term flexibility to adapt to your property as your needs change.

Cons

High Maintenance
Keeping your yard and the interior of your home clean and well-maintained is entirely your responsibility. It can be time-consuming, especially when seasonal tasks like lawn mowing, raking leaves, or snow removal are involved.

Repairs
Unlike condos, there’s no condo board or management company to address issues. Any problems that may arise are entirely your responsibility, including leaks, plumbing, HVAC, and lawn care.

Security
Detached homes typically don’t include 24/7 security, surveillance cameras, or a front desk that manages visitors. For additional security, you’ll need to invest in your own security system.

Amenities
Detached homes don’t offer shared amenities such as gyms, pools, or recreation rooms. Access to these facilities must be arranged and paid for externally.

Higher Costs
Detached homes usually have higher purchase prices and property taxes than condos or townhouses. Repairs, maintenance, and any extras such as security cameras, gyms, and pools are all paid for externally, which can add up over time.

Condo Ownership

Condo ownership means you own only your individual unit within a larger building. You pay monthly maintenance fees, and you are not responsible for the management of the lawn or any outdoor spaces. You also share ownership of the common areas within the condominium, including lobbies, elevators, and any other building amenities. While you own the unit itself, there are still rules around renovations, pets, renting, and other building policies.

Condo ownership comes with fewer responsibilities but also limits on what you can and can’t do with your property.

Pros

Affordability
Condos usually cost less than detached homes, making them a good option for first-time buyers or those on a budget. Property taxes and utilities can also be lower compared to detached homes.

Lower Maintenance Responsibility
Condo owners are not responsible for exterior maintenance, such as landscaping or lawn care. Problems within the unit, such as issues with heating, air conditioning, or plumbing, are often handled by the condo management.

Prime Locations
Condos are often located near shopping centres, public transit, and grocery stores, making daily errands easier and reducing commute time.

Cons

Less Privacy
Condos share walls, floors, and ceilings with neighbors, which can lead to noise issues and limited privacy.

Rules and Restrictions
Many condos have rules about renovating, pets, rentals, or even decorating your unit. Since units need to be returned to their original condition before moving out, it can limit personal customization.

Limited Outdoor Space
Most condo residents usually don’t have private outdoor areas like their own lawn or backyard—instead, outdoor spaces like the building’s pool area or BBQ zone are shared among all residents.

Townhouse Ownership

Townhouse ownership is a blend of freehold and condo ownership. You own both the house and the land it sits on, giving you control over the front and backyard. The difference is that townhouses are attached to neighbouring units, meaning you share one or two walls. This type of ownership offers a middle ground, providing more space and independence than a condo but less privacy than a fully detached freehold home.

Pros

More Space and Privacy Than a Condo
Townhouses generally offer larger living areas and outdoor spaces compared to condos. Instead of sharing ceilings, floors, and walls with neighbors, you’ll only share one or two walls, which provides additional privacy.

Ownership of Land and Outdoor Space
Like a detached house, you’ll own the land your townhouse sits on, but usually at a lower price than a full detached property. You also have access to a private backyard and front lawn, giving you space for outdoor activities.

Cons

Smaller Yards
Townhouse yards are typically smaller than those of a detached home, offering less space for decoration or modification.

Shared Walls
Although townhouses offer more privacy than condos, you still share one or two walls with neighbours, which can sometimes lead to noise issues.

Finding The Best Fit for Your Lifestyle
Choosing the right type of ownership comes down to more than just your budget. Your lifestyle and personal values play an important role in determining the best type of property for you. By considering the different types of homeownership, you can make a choice that best fits both your finances and your day-to-day life in the long term.

What’s The Difference Between Freehold, Condo, and Townhouse Ownership? by Angela Lin | zoocasa